INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Elevated circulating levels of fetuin-A is, however, linked with impaired insulin sensitivity that leads to the development of IR and related comorbidities such as hypertriglyceridemia, obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, T2DM, metabolic syndrome, NAFLD, and early-stage CKD (Ix and Sharma, 2010; Song et al., 2011).