Research studies found that mutation of CSF2RA or CSF2RB can cause hereditary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) (Takaki et al., 2016), and CSF2RB is a risk factor for schizophrenia and depression in the Han population of Chinese and a potential oncogene that can be targeted by several miRNAs for undergoing cell apoptosis (Chen et al., 2011). Here, CSF2RA is linked to pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.