BAX and glioblastoma: Similarly, miR-125b-2 confers GBM stem cells with resistance to TMZ; in TMZ-treated GBM stem cells, inhibition of miR-125b-2 activity using peptide nucleic acid (PNA) decreases the Bax-to-Bcl-2 ratio compared to treatment with TMZ alone, which further impedes apoptosis and confers drug resistance [169].