Noteworthy, β-cell metabolic stress induced by acute palmitate treatment stimulates Cer production, while longer (48 h) palmitate exposure increases, via the up-regulation of UGCG, the levels of GlcCer with no significant effect on SM and Cer accumulation, [42,73] thus recapitulating the changes we have detected in T2D human islets. Here, UGCG is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.