INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: We have recently demonstrated that functional perturbation of insulin secretion by human pancreatic islets derived from T2D islets was recapitulated in ND human islet cells upon cell-autonomous clock disruption, both in terms of diminished absolute secretion and perturbed rhythmic profile, indicating that islet cellular clock disruption may take part in pathophysiology of T2D in humans [13,15].