Alami et al. (2018) elegantly showed that astrocyte activation of NF-κb signaling promotes microglial proliferation in the SOD1 mutant mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, which was beneficial in the early stages of disease by delaying onset of symptoms, but turned detrimental in the later stages of disease by accelerating disease progression [89]. This evidence concerns the gene SOD1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.