TGFB1 and neoplasm: Moreover, TAMs express inflammation-related genes with spatial specificity: in the tumor core, TAMs highly express immunosuppressive and pro-angiogenic genes, such as IL1RA, TGF-β1, HIF1A, and VEGFA, whereas proinflammatory markers IL1A and IL1B are significantly upregulated in TAMs located in the tumor periphery [97].