This condition is considered to be a non-type 2 inflammatory response and is driven by different cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-17, which are not related to atopy.20 In addition, it is known that patients with clinical features of both asthma and COPD present increased overall mortality, in comparison with asthma or COPD alone. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL8 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.