NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer) or TET (thymic epithelial tumor) patients treated with anti-PD-1, not exclusively as a first-line treatment, presented an increased frequency of activated CD8+ T cells (HLA-DR+CD38+) with a proliferative potential (Ki67+) that contributed to the increase of effector Treg cells [51]. The gene discussed is CD38; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.