Yanagawa et al. presented TLR2/TLR4-positive basophil infiltration in the pancreas of patients with type 1 AIP, and found the proportion of peripheral basophils activated by TLR4 stimulation to be significantly higher in type 1 AIP and atopic dermatitis than in healthy controls [110]. This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and autoimmune pancreatitis type 1.