TLR4 and colorectal carcinoma: A preclinical study using a xenograft animal model showed that F. nucleatum activates autophagy of cancer cells through toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 and myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MYD88) signaling pathway, potentiating CRC resistance to oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) regimens [14].