NOS3 and Insulin resistance: The potential mechanisms that underlie the regulation of blood glucose by ginseng may be related to (a) pancreatic β‐cell function improvement and insulin sensitivity enhancement; (b) increase of glucose uptake through up‐regulating the GLUT expression; (c) inhibition of oxidative stress by rising superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and lowering malondialdehyde (MDA) levels; and (d) modulation of inflammatory pathways expression (e.g., TNF‐α or endothelial nitric oxide synthase [eNOS]) to prevent insulin resistance development (Figure 10).