We previously reported that CD1d-deficient mice harbored a proinflammatory microbiota that exacerbated colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS).43 This microbiota was characterized by the presence of SFB and the increased abundance of certain phyla including Proteobacteria, Deferribacteres, as well as Prevotella and Mucispirillum spp. The gene discussed is CD1D; the disease is colitis.