PPARGC1A and neoplasm: We also found that although PPAR-γ expression is upregulated in many cancer cell lines, PPAR-γ coactivator Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) and PPAR-γ agonists have tumor-suppressive effects, both of which were able to upregulate FAO as well as mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation processes.