The results suggested that 19 necroptosis related genes (CASP8, HSP90AA1, RNF31, NR2C2, HSPA4, USP22, TNFRSF21, SLC39A7, TSC1, SQSTM1, TRIM11, TRAF2, DNMT1, EZH2, LEF1, PLK1, MYCN, CDKN2A, and TERT) were upregulated while 3 necroptosis related genes (ID1, ALDH2, and BACH2) were downregulated in HCC versus paired non-tumor tissues (|log2FC|>1 and adjusted P <0.05) (Supplementary Table 3). Here, RNF31 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.