DAMPs can upregulate as well as amplify fibrotic responses in diseases such as renal and hepatic fibrosis, lesional skin and lung in scleroderma patients, as well as in Tlr4 mutant mice, and augment TGFβ-1 signaling (Poltorak et al., 1998; Seki et al., 2007; Pulskens et al., 2010; Campbell et al., 2011; Bhattacharyya et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and Hepatic fibrosis.