Yasuno et al. (2012) found a significant, similar relationship between plasma ApoE and cognition in a large older healthy control sample with a medium effect size. In all these studies, higher levels of ApoE were associated with better outcomes. A recent study of symptom resilience in ADNI using advanced LASSO regression approaches found that increased ApoE protein (along with microglial activation and chemotaxis) were predictive of better cognitive outcomes over 4 years in ADNI’s healthy controls, MCI, and AD individuals in both training and validation samples (Meyer et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene APOE and Alzheimer disease.