CFH and age-related macular degeneration: 4) RPE phagocytosis, while showing a moderate decline with age, was significantly reduced in AMD RPE, more than expected during normal aging (Inana et al., 2018) 5) Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-RPE cells from homozygous ARMS2/HTRA1 risk genotype showed significantly higher complement and inflammatory factors expression, and iPSC-RPEs from complement factor H (CFH) (Y402H) risk genotype showed reduced mitochondrial function and increased inflammation markers (Saini et al., 2017; Ebeling et al., 2021).