NLRP3 and cancer: HMGB1 is released from damaged host cells and activates PRRs (such as RAGE), which upregulates the expression of NLRP3 and IL-1β precursors, activating the NLRP3 inflammasome and binding with IL-1β to exacerbate immune cell-induced inflammation and cellular damage, which then accelerates cancer progression (125, 126).