Secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β (and its IL-1 superfamily member IL-18) is thus intricately linked to cellular stress and regulated, necrosis-like cell death (pyroptosis) which may be partly responsible for myocardial injuries that are seen post-surgically and in association with sepsis and other critical illnesses (197, 198). Here, IL1B is linked to Sepsis.