On a cellular level, Cav-1 regulates cellular endocytosis and vesicular trafficking 41-43, subcellular localization of NTRs and other synaptic signaling components 11, 12, 29, preserves mitochondrial function in the brain of AD (PSAPP) mice 44 and mitochondrial morphology in the spinal cord of ALS (hSOD1G93A) mice 25. This evidence concerns the gene CAV1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.