Vemurafenib (PLX4032) and dabrafenib (GSK2118436) were approved by the FDA for the treatment of melanoma patients with BRAF V600E mutation in August 2011 and May 2013, respectively, (Bollag et al., 2012; Hauschild et al., 2012), marking a significant milestone in precision medicine for advanced melanoma. This evidence concerns the gene BRAF and melanoma.