In concordance with regulatory properties of TGF-β+ Bregs, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of our melanoma patient cohort indicated that higher levels of circulating TGF-β-expressing CD19+ CD38int IgD+ CD27− PD-L1+ naïve B cells were associated with less favorable overall survival (N = 18) (Figure 6(f)). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and melanoma.