TRPV1 and Hepatic fibrosis: Moreover, TRPV1−/− also aggravated CCl4-induced upregulation of serum hyaluronic acid, collagen type IV, laminin, precollagen type III, ALT, and AST; all of which are generally considered indicators of hepatic function and hepatic fibrosis [40], implying that TRPV1 might protect against CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis.