The latest research found that histone posttranslational modifications (HPTMs) regulate the transcriptional activity of inflammation and fibrosis-related genes, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), by altering the loose or condensed state of chromatin, which is involved in the pathogenesis of DKD [3, 4]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is diabetic kidney disease.