TGFB1 and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: The expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β, and TNF-α in tissue of PAP group were 10.2 ± 1.5 pg/mL, 31.4 ± 3.4 pg/mL, 64.7 ± 5.8 pg/mL, and 220.3 ± 17.2, which were significantly higher than those in TAP group (9.3 ± 1.4 pg/mL, 29.0 ± 3.4 pg/mL, 58.4 ± 5.2 pg/mL, 197.5 ± 17.5) (P < 0.05) (Table 2).