Through EIF4A3-mediated E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) upregulation, the lncRNA cancer susceptibility candidate 11 (CASC11) inhibited NF-κB and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activation to mediate PD-L1 expression and encourage tumor progression in a mouse model of HCC with lung metastasis [80]. Here, E2F1 is linked to cancer.