TNF and cancer: The M1 macrophage plays a role in the beginning of the inflammatory response by releasing pro-inflammatory factors like IL-6 and TNF-α, it also phagocytoses, eliminates invading microorganisms, and inhibits cancer’s escape from the immune system.Macrophages of the M2 type can secrete anti-inflammatory molecules such as IL-10 and IL-4 [41, 42].