On the other hand, DNA sequencing confirmed the presence of mutations in NF-κB1, Nrf2, Keap1, and p62 pathways, which disrupt the Nrf2 inhibitory pathway and cause stimulation of this transcription factor in ALL and result in decreased apoptosis in the malignant cell, and chemotherapy resistance. The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is acute lymphoblastic leukemia.