For example, Tusa et al. (2018) analysed data from melanoma patients and found that 223 out of 479 (47%) primary and metastatic melanomas had gene copy number and mRNA alterations in ERK5 pathway components at all levels in the pathway including MEKK2/3, MEK5, ERK5 or MEF2A-D. The gene discussed is MAPK7; the disease is metastatic melanoma.