DICER1 and Cowden disease: There is high-quality evidence for the association between certain syndromes and the development of DTC (Yamashita & Saenko 2007, Morrison & Atkinson 2009, Richards 2010, Lauper et al. 2013, Rutter et al. 2016) – Cowden syndrome (PTEN hamartoma syndrome) (Marsh et al. 1998, Ngeow et al. 2011, Smith et al. 2011), Familial Adenomatosis Polyposis (FAP) (Kennedy et al. 2014), Carney complex (Stratakis et al. 1997) and Multinodular goitre families (DICER1 pathogenic variants) (Rio Frio et al. 2011, De Kock et al. 2014, Stewart et al. 2019).