In the CDI group, IL9R, IFNW1, GDF7, IL17F, IL17A, IL26, CCL25, and IFNK expressions were prominently increased in patients from high-risk groups, whereas PRL, IL36RN, IL36A, IL1F10, IL36B, IL36G, GDF5, and THPO expressions, among others, were significantly downregulated (Figure 8B). Here, IL17F is linked to clostridium difficile infection.