Plasma insulin levels were significantly increased on the HFD diet as compared to the chow diet at t = 24 (10.6-fold, p < 0.001), while glucose levels remained similar, resulting in a significantly higher insulin resistance on the HFD (10.3-fold increase in HOMA-IR at t = 24, p < 0.001) (Table 1). Here, INS is linked to Insulin resistance.