Of note, the levels of c-jun decreased after PA infection plus cotreatment with BUD and FLU in the nonsmokers group as well as in smokers and COPD patients (p < 0.05, Figure 2B), thus indicating a good response to these drugs in terms of reducing inflammation, but this response was not found in macrophages from COPD + ICS subjects (p > 0.05, Figure 2B). This evidence concerns the gene JUN and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.