A post-infection systematic analysis across diverse cell types revealed pervasive targeting of the proximal components of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, including Janus kinase 1 (JAK1), tyrosine kinase 2 (Tyk2), and the interferon receptor subunit 1 (IFNAR1) that resulted in cellular desensitization to type I IFN, resistance to IFN-⍺, and a universal inhibition of interferon signaling, where a 90% suppression of STAT phosphorylation was observed in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells compared to uninfected cells [127]. This evidence concerns the gene IFNA1 and infection.