KDR and hypertensive disorder: As part of model validation, our results show that based on the computed VIMP values (Fig. 2a, blue highlight), the model-identified KI–AE associations successfully covered the experimentally well-established ones6 including VEGFR–hypertension, EGFR/ERBB2–diarrhea/dermatitis acneiform, EGFR–conjunctivitis, and VEGFR–proteinuria.