TGFB1 and COVID-19: At cutoff levels of 3.39 ng/mL for serum TGF-β1 on day 1 and 5.36 ng/mL for serum TGF-β1 on day 7, (AUC = 0.638, P = 0.021, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.53 -0.75 and AUC = 0.976, P < 0.001, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.82 - 0.97 respectively), sensitivity was 64% and 96%, and specificity was 51% and 89%, respectively, for discriminating patients diagnosed with COVID-19 developing lung injury from those without lung injury (Figure 2).