Polyphenols act as localized small-molecule inhibitors in signal transduction and block their protein–protein interactions or their interactions with DNA, in particular the disruption of multimeric forms of transcription factors such as c-jun/c-fos (Activator Protein-1; AP-1) [117], c-myc/max, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) [118] and β-catenin/T cell factor (Tcf), thus having an anti-tumor effect. This evidence concerns the gene JUN and neoplasm.