TGFB1 and breast cancer: To further study the roles of PDK1 and miR-148a in breast cancer development, we carried out GSEA analysis in breast cancer samples from the TCGA dataset, and found that PDK1 was positively correlated with TGF-BETA signaling (NES = 1.55, p value < 0.05, FDR q < 0.2) (Figure 7A).