CXCL12 and neoplasm: For example, targeting CXCL12 with Pleraxifor, a C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) inhibitor, was shown to induce rapid T-cell accumulation among cancer cells and act synergistically with antibodies against Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), resulting in a strong reduction of tumor cells [84].