According to the recent recommendations of AACR Childhood Cancer Predisposition Workshop, there is a higher benefit in screening children at a greater risk for MDS, or AML that occurs in the context of MDS (e.g., FA, SDS, severe congenital neutropenia, GATA2 deficiency, familial monosomy 7, CEPBA-associated predisposition to AML) than those at a greater risk for rapidly evolving haematological malignancies, such as ALL or AML [57]. The gene discussed is GATA2; the disease is myelodysplastic syndrome.