NFKB1 and infection: The assay scheme for p65 nuclei translocation upon either HCoV-OC43 infection or compound treatment is shown in Figure 3A. First, the translocation of p65 into the nuclei of MRC-5 cells increased upon their infection with HCoV-OC43, reflecting the activation of NF-κB either at 1 h.p.i. or at 30 h.p.i. (Figure 3B).