ccRCC generally has a poor prognosis with limited treatment options and no biomarkers for risk stratifications; as such, non-invasive molecular imaging and radioligand therapy targeting CXCR4 may prove to be a viable strategy with radiotracers with a sufficiently low uptake in the kidney parenchyma [39]. This evidence concerns the gene CXCR4 and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.