Low-dose NGR-TNF (100 pg/mouse, systemically administered) can increase the response of tumors to chemotherapeutic drugs, as observed with cisplatin, melphalan, doxorubicin, gemcitabine and paclitaxel in various models of transplantable tumors and in an orthotopic model of prostate cancer (TRAMP) [27,31,32]. Here, TNF is linked to prostate carcinoma.