However, the components in tNS1 protein complexes (Table 1) are mostly involved in cornification, neutrophil degranulation, rRNA processing/eukaryotic translation, programmed cell death, and Rho GTPase signaling (Table 2 and Table 3), suggesting that tNS1 plays a regulatory role in viral infection via a mechanism that is different from that of full-length NS1. Here, TNS1 is linked to viral infectious disease.