Moreover, animal studies have demonstrated that dietary polyphenols may counteract the sleep deprivation-induced cognitive impairment, possibly through the inhibition of inflammation [202], or the activation of cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) and of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways promoting synaptic plasticity [203,204]. The gene discussed is MTOR; the disease is Cognitive impairment.