TGFB1 and colorectal carcinoma: Signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β catenin, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT), the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and Notch, have been frequently reported to be dysregulated in the CRC [6,7].