The results from preclinical studies in PD suggest that inosine can exert a protective effect independently of urate and raise the possibility that the beneficial antiparkinsonian action of inosine might be due to its capability to reduce neuroinflammation and oxido-nitrosative stress, suppress ERK phosphorylation, and down-regulate A2AR expression [2,3]. The gene discussed is ADORA2A; the disease is Parkinson disease.