TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In addition, the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of obese mice had increased levels of inflammatory markers, including Interleukin (IL)-5, IL-10, eotaxin, and Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), as compared with those from their lean counterparts, highlighting the fact that obesity can promote the inflammation of the lung, a common clinical feature of asthma [23].