Future research should focus on the correlation of other cytokines with HSC mobilization; the nature of influence (direct or indirect) of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-22 on HSC proliferation or mobilization; and the association of high BMI-induced good HSC mobilization with the release of obesity-related proinflammatory cytokines. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.