CCL11 and inflammatory bowel disease: In the 64 patients with IBD in the discovery cohort, baseline serum eotaxin-1 levels were significantly higher in eventual responders to vedolizumab induction therapy as compared to primary non-responders (0.33 [0.23–0.44] vs. 0.20 [0.16–0.29] ng/mL, p < 0.01, Figure 2A).